文章摘要
宋宇轩,张雷,徐亚静,等.从经筋视角探张家山汉简《引书》[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2024,48(10):1294-1300.
从经筋视角探张家山汉简《引书》
Exploring Zhangjiashan Han Bamboo Slips Yinshu from the Perspective of Jingjin
DOI:10.16466/j.issn1005-5509.2024.10.016
中文关键词: 先秦  秦汉  出土文献  《引书》  导引术  经筋  张家山汉简
英文关键词: pre-Qin  Qin and Han Dynasties  unearthed documents  Yinshu  Daoyin therapy  meridian sinew  Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips
基金项目:2022 年安徽省教育厅高等学校科研重点项目(2022AH050417);2021 年安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目(AHSKF2021D32);2021年度安徽中医药大学科学研究基金人文重点项目(2021rwzd15);2022年度安徽中医药大学科学研究基金项目(2022zlgc026)
作者单位
宋宇轩 安徽中医药大学 合肥 230012 
张雷 安徽中医药大学 合肥 230012 
徐亚静 安徽中医药大学 合肥 230012 
李梦醒 安徽中医药大学 合肥 230012 
闫丽 安徽中医药大学 合肥 230012 
姚文超 安徽中医药大学 合肥 230012 
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中文摘要:
      [目的] 从经筋的视角来阐述张家山汉简《引书》中的导引术式,为《引书》中古老的导引术应用于现代临床提供一定的理论依据。[方法] 从先秦秦汉时期出土文献及文物中的记载入手,对先秦秦汉时期的导引术进行概述。探索导引术与经筋之间的深入关系,选取《引书》中运用导引术治疗的骨伤科疾病,如项痛、踝痛、膝痛和肩痛,对相关导引术式及导引动作进行分析,并从经筋的视角对导引术式进行医理探讨。[结果] 先秦秦汉时期所叙述的导引以单纯肢体运动为主,《脉书》中所阐述的经脉多为经筋。运用经筋理论分析,《引书》中治疗项痛的导引术主要是治疗太阳经筋的项痛;治疗外踝痛主要是调理足少阳经筋,治疗内踝痛主要是调理足太阴经筋;治疗膝痛的导引术共同调节足六经的经筋。运用导引术“猿行三百”治疗手少阳及手阳明经筋所生肩痛,运用导引术“前掾”治疗手太阳经筋病所致肩痛,运用导引术“支落”治疗足太阳经筋病所致肩痛,运用导引术“後復”治疗手太阴经筋病所致肩痛,这些案例运用经筋理论解释更加合理,并可进一步阐释导引术的治疗原理,明确不同导引术对应的适应病证。[结论] 从经筋视角分析《引书》中的导引术式,能够进一步明确导引术所治疗的病位,使治疗更加精准有效,可为导引术在现代临床的应用提供更多的思路。
英文摘要:
      [Objective] To elucidate the meridian manipulations described in the Han bamboo slips of Zhangjiashan from a meridian perspective, providing a theoretical foundation for the application of ancient meridian manipulations in modern clinical practice. [Methods]Based on the records in the unearthed literature and cultural relics of the pre-Qin, Qin and Han Dynasties, this paper summarizes the Daoyin technique in the pre-Qin, Qin and Han Dynasties, explores the in-depth relationship between Daoyin technique and meridian muscles, and selects the common orthopedic diseases in modern clinic, such as neck pain, ankle pain, knee pain and shoulder pain,which are closely related to meridian muscles. The original text and Daoyin movements are analyzed, and the Daoyin movements are discussed from the perspective of meridian muscles. [Results] It is found that the Daoyin described in the pre-Qin, Qin and Han Dynasties is mainly simple body movements. The meridians described in the Book of Pulse are mostly meridiansand tendons, so the theory of meridians and tendons may be more suitable for the thinking of the physicians at that time. Using the theory of meridians and tendons to analyze the Daoyin in Yinshu, it is found that the Daoyin therapy for neck pain in the book should be mainly treated for the neck pain of the sun meridian muscles; the treatment of lateral ankle pain is mainly adjusted by the Shaoyang meridian muscles of the foot, and the treatment of medial ankle pain is mainly adjusted by the Taiyin meridian muscles of the foot; the Daoyin therapy for knee pain is used to adjust the meridian muscles of the six meridians of the foot; the treatment of shoulder pain, the use of“ Yuanxing three hundred” to treat the shoulder pain caused by the Shaoyang and Yangming meridian muscles of the hand, the use of“ Qianyuan” to treat the shoulder pain caused by the sun meridian muscle disease, the use of“ Zhiluo” to treat the shoulder pain caused by the sun meridian muscle disease, and the use of“ Houfu” to treat the shoulder pain caused by the Taiyin meridian muscle disease. It is more reasonable to explain the treatment principles of Daoyin using the theory of meridian sinew, which can further elucidate the treatment principles of Daoyin and clarify the corresponding disease indications for different Daoyin. [Conclusion] Looking at the Daoyin manipulations in Yinshu from the perspective of meridians and tendons can further clarify the diseases treated by Daoyin manipulation, make the treatment more accurate and effective,and provide more ideas for the clinical application of Daoyin manipulation in modern traditional Chinese medicine.
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