| 石雪华,郭宏伟.基于文献探讨全蝎的用法用量[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2023,47(5):563-568. |
| 基于文献探讨全蝎的用法用量 |
| Explore the Usage and Dosage of Scorpion Based on Literature |
| DOI：10.16466/j.issn1005-5509.2023.05.020 |
| 中文关键词: 全蝎 蝎尾 有毒中药 药用部位 计量单位 临床用量 合理用药 |
| 英文关键词: scorpion scorpion tail toxic Chinese medicine medicinal parts measurement unit clinical dosage rational drug use |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省高等教育教学改革项目(SJGZ20190055) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的] 通过梳理古今文献记载，探讨全蝎计量单位混乱的历史缘由及古今对其药用部位和剂量的认识，旨在为临床合理用药提供参考。[方法] 收集整理《中华医典》中含有全蝎及蝎尾的方剂，经过筛选后运用Excel 2013软件对符合标准的方剂剂型、计量单位进行频数分析，并结合《中华人民共和国药典》(2020版)、各省市炮制规范及现代相关文献进行古今对比分析。[结果] 全蝎计量单位混乱的原因与其入药剂型、药物质量评价标准有关；对于入药部位古今医家认识存在巨大差异，全蝎古代药用部位主要包括全者和蝎尾两种方式，全蝎分为去尾、去足等形式，蝎尾分为去尾刺和不去两种形式。现代药用部位较为单一，主要为全蝎，仅在上海、甘肃、贵州的中药炮制标准中载有蝎尾和全蝎两种应用方式；古代用量较小，现代用量较大，远超国家规定的用量范围。[结论] 基于安全性和合理性考虑，全蝎在临床应用中应选用“g”为计量单位，用量上遵守药典规定，同时增加相应的基础研究，明确有效用药剂量，深化全蝎与蝎尾的差异性研究，促进全蝎的临床合理应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To explore the historical reasons for the confusion of measuring units of scorpion and the understanding of its medicinal parts and doses in ancient and modern times， in order to provide reference methods for clinical rational drug use， by combing the ancient and modern literature records. [Methods] The prescriptions containing scorpion and scorpion tail in Chinese Medical Code were collected and sorted. After screening， Excel 2013 software was used to analyze the frequency of prescription dosage forms and measurement units conforming to the standard， and the ancient and modern comparative analysis was carried out based on Pharmacopoeia of the People‘s Republic of China(2020 edition)， processing specifications of provinces and cities and related modern literature. [Results] The reason of the confusion of the measurement unit of scorpion is related to the dosage form and the quality evaluation standard. There is a huge difference in the understanding of ancient and modern medicine parts， scorpion ancient medicinal parts mainly include the whole and scorpion tip two ways， scorpion is divided into removal of the tail， the foot and other forms， scorpion tail is divided into to the tail thorn and does not go to two forms. Modern medicinal parts are relatively simple， mainly scorpion， and only scorpion tail and scorpion are used in the processing standards of traditional Chinese medicine in Shanghai， Gansu and Guizhou. The dosage was small in ancient times， but larger in modern times， far beyond the national prescribed dosage range. [Conclusion] Considering safety and rationality， “g” should be selected as the unit of measurement in clinical application， and the dosage should comply with the provisions of pharmacopoeia. At the same time， the corresponding basic research should be increased to clarify the effective dosage of scorpion， deepen the difference study between scorpion and scorpion tail， and promote the clinical rational application of scorpion. |
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