| 邓中裕,王学进.民国时期的浙江中医药与瘟疫防治[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2025,49(1):91-96. |
| 民国时期的浙江中医药与瘟疫防治 |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang and Epidemic Prevention During the Republic of China |
| DOI：10.16466/j.issn1005-5509.2025.01.016 |
| 中文关键词: 民国时期 浙江 瘟疫 中医药 防疫体系 废止中医案 浙江中医三杰 药方 |
| 英文关键词: the Republic of China Zhejiang Province epidemic traditional Chinese medicine epidemic prevention system The Case for the Abolition of TCM the Three Greats of Zhejiang TCM prescription |
| 基金项目:2019—2020年度浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目(2021QN075) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的] 通过梳理民国时期浙江地区疫情的时空分布及其防控情况，探讨中医药在瘟疫防治中的实际作用，推动中医药的传承与创新发展。[方法] 采用文献分析和计量方法，通过查阅民国时期的报刊、档案、地方志等文献资料，系统梳理和统计民国时期浙江地区发生的疫情，分析当时的中医药政策，评估中医药在瘟疫防治中的实际作用。[结果] 民国时期，浙江地区疫情频发，以霍乱、天花最甚，疟疾、痢疾次之，另有伤寒、白喉、猩红热、鼠疫等，给人民生命安全带来严重危害。因为政府采取扶植西医、压制中医的政策，中医药被排斥在卫生防疫体系之外，但实际防疫工作仍然离不开中医药，尤其是在中小城市和广大农村地区仍以中医药治疗为主。中医药在瘟疫防治中发挥着重要作用，“浙江中医三杰”的治疫药方在民间广为流传，为疫情防控作出了重要贡献。[结论] 民国时期的医药政策导致有限的社会医疗资源未得到充分利用，给人民的生命和财产安全造成严重损害，应引以为戒。未来应继续重视中医药传承创新，鼓励中西医协调发展，以更好地应对突发的公共卫生挑战。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] By examining the spatiotemporal distribution and control measures of epidemics in Zhejiang Province during the period of the Republic of China， to explore the practical role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in epidemic prevention and control. [Methods] Using literature analysis and quantitative methods， and examines historical documents such as newspapers， archives， and local gazetteers from the Republic of China to systematically compile and statistically analyze the epidemics that occurred in Zhejiang Province during that period. And also analyzes the TCM policies of the time and assesses the practical role of TCM in epidemic prevention and control. [Results] During period of the Republic of China， Zhejiang Province experienced frequent outbreaks of epidemics， with cholera and smallpox being the most severe， followed by malaria and dysentery. Other diseases， such as typhoid fever， diphtheria， scarlet fever and plague， caused severe harm to the lives and well-being of the population. The government adopted policies that favored western medicine and suppressed TCM， leading to the exclusion of TCM from the public health and epidemic prevention systems. Despite this， TCM remained indispensable in actual epidemic control efforts， particularly in smaller cities and rural areas， where TCM treatment was still the primary method. TCM plays a significant role in the prevention and control of epidemics. The therapeutic prescriptions of “the Three Greats of Zhejiang TCM” have been widely circulated among the public， making important contributions to the prevention and control of the epidemic. [Conclusion] The medical policy mistakes during period of the Republic of China， which led to continuous internal disputes and the underutilization of limited social medical resources， causing serious damage to the life and property safety of the people， serving as a lesson for us. In the future， there should be a continued emphasis on the inheritance and innovation of TCM， and encouragement for the coordinated development of TCM and western medicine， so as to better address sudden public health challenges. |
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