| 杜岳,崔志林.醋药用古代文献研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2024,48(1):94-98. |
| 醋药用古代文献研究 |
| Study on Ancient Documents of Vinegar into Prescriptions |
| DOI：10.16466/j.issn1005-5509.2024.01.016 |
| 中文关键词: 醋 气与味 脏腑补泻 脏气法时 功效研究 古方应用 |
| 英文关键词: vinegar Qi and taste reinforcing and reducing about viscera visceral-Qi correspond to nature rhythms efficacy research application of ancient prescriptions |
| 基金项目:黑龙江2021年度高等教育教学改革研究项目(SJGY20210818)；黑龙江博士后面上资助项目(LBH-Z21222) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的] 探究醋在古代方药中的作用，继承并发掘醋对于中医药的独特价值，为现代临床提供参考。[方法] 结合历代本草及医案中有关醋功效的记载，对醋药用的古代文献加以分类整理，结合醋的气与味、脏腑补泻理论以及脏气法时论，从行气行血、活血止血、敛疮消肿、清热解毒、定风醒神5个方面，探讨醋在方中起到的作用。[结果] 醋酸味入肝助其调畅气机，酸补肺助其通调水道，醋香温行气止痛，苦温燥湿化饮，从而破癥瘕、消积聚、化痰饮；醋香入脾、酸阴入肝，通过对肝、脾的调节，起到活血止血的作用；酸补肺，肺主皮毛，且醋性收敛，是其应用于皮肤类疾病的主要原因；醋酸味入肝助肝脏排毒，苦味清热解毒，因此常用于解药物毒、食物毒、虫伤中毒等方中；醋酸入肝主疏泄，醋香入脾可开窍，故亦用于治疗中风昏厥等证。[结论] 醋味酸、苦，气香、温，是其在行气行血、活血止血、敛疮消肿、清热解毒、定风醒神方中用作要药的主要原因。且从脏腑补泻理论看，酸入肝；从脏气法时论看，酸对心、肝、肺皆有所调节。系统梳理醋于古代方药中的应用情况，为进一步完善醋入方药的临床应用提供了文献支撑和理论参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To explore the role of vinegar in ancient prescriptions， inherit and explore the unique value of vinegar in traditional Chinese medicine， and provide reference for modern clinic. [Methods] Based on the records of the efficacy of vinegar in traditional Chinese medicines and medical records from various dynasties， this paper classifies and sorts out the ancient literature on the vinegar in prescriptions. Combining the Qi and taste of vinegar， the theory of reinforcing and reducing about viscera， and the idea of visceral-Qi corresponding to nature rhythms， this paper explores the role of vinegar in prescriptions from five aspects: promoting Qi and blood circulation， promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding， healing sores and relieving swelling， clearing heat and detoxicating， and calming endogenous wind and blooming the sprit. [Results] The sour taste of vinegar acting on the liver helps to regulate activities of Qi， tonifies the lungs to help regulate water passages， fragrance and warm of vinegar promote Qi， bitter and warm of vinegar eliminate dampness， thus eliminating the concretions and gatherings， and resolving phlegm-dampness. Vinegar fragrance acts on the spleen and sour acts on the liver， vinegar can achieve the effect of promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding by regulating the liver and spleen. The main reason for its application in skin diseases is that vinegar tonifies the lungs with the sour taste， and lungs govern skin and hair， and vinegar has astringent properties. The sour taste of vinegar acting on the liver can help the liver detoxify， while the bitter taste can clear heat and detoxicate. Therefore， vinegar is often used in prescriptions such as detoxification of drugs， food and insects， etc. Sour acts on the liver to control conveyance and dispersion， while the fragrance of vinegar acts on the spleen to refresh the mind， so it is also used to treat symptoms such as stroke and fainting. [Conclusion] Vinegar tastes sour， bitter， fragrant and warm. It is the main reason why vinegar is used as a necessary medicine in promoting Qi and blood circulation， promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding， healing sores and relieving swelling， clearing heat and detoxicating， and calming endogenous wind and blooming the spirit. According to the theory of reinforcing and discharging viscera， sour acts on the liver; According to the theory of visceral-Qi corresponding to nature rhythms， sour can regulate the heart， liver and lung. By combing the application of vinegar in ancient prescriptions systematically， it helps to provide literature support and theoretical reference for further improving the clinical application of vinegar in prescription. |
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